What is dental calculus (tartar)?

Dental calculus (tartar) is the hardened, calcified form of soft bacterial plaque that accumulates on the surface of teeth over time. Initially difficult to detect, this plaque layer, if not regularly cleaned, combines with minerals in saliva and transforms into a hard structure that cannot be removed by brushing. This hardened layer is called dental calculus (tartar).

Mostly;

• At the junction of the teeth and the gums 
• On the inner sides of the lower front teeth
• It is more commonly found on the outer surfaces of the upper back teeth.

The reasons for this are that these areas are closer to the salivary glands, making mineral accumulation easier there.

How does tartar form?

Bacteria naturally present in the mouth form a thin, sticky layer on the surface of teeth after consuming everything we eat and drink, especially sugary and carbohydrate-rich foods. This layer is called plaque.

If plaque is not removed, it begins to accumulate. When teeth are not brushed well enough and dental floss is not used, this plaque layer remains on the tooth surface and thickens over time.

Minerals in saliva play a role. Minerals like calcium and phosphate found in saliva penetrate the plaque layer, causing it to harden.

Plaque turns into tartar. Within approximately 24-72 hours, plaque begins to harden and becomes tartar within a few days to weeks. After this stage, it cannot be removed by brushing at home; it can only be removed by a dentist.

Why does tartar form?

• Not brushing teeth sufficiently or with the correct technique
• Neglecting the use of dental floss
• Continuous mouth breathing
• The use of cigarettes and tobacco products
• Frequent consumption of sugary and acidic foods
• Not having a dental check-up for a long time

Why is dental tartar dangerous?

• Gum inflammation, also known as gingivitis, causes redness, swelling, and bleeding.
• Bad breath
• Gum recession
• Periodontitis 
• Over time, teeth can become loose and tooth loss can occur.,

In short, tartar is the most fundamental factor in the development of gum disease. If tartar is not removed, it will gradually progress towards the lower layers of the gums. The gum begins to separate from the tooth, and spaces called pockets form between them. There may be no pain, but bone loss progresses unnoticed during this process. Therefore, saying 'I have no pain' doesn't always mean you are healthy.

How to Remove Dental Tartar?

• With the help of ultrasonic vibrating devices
• Hand tools are used when necessary.
• After the procedure, the tooth surfaces are polished.
• These procedures should be performed by a dentist. When done correctly, they do not harm the teeth and protect and improve gum health.

How to Prevent Tartar Formation?

• It is necessary to brush your teeth correctly at least twice a day.
• Dental floss should definitely be used.
• Sufficient water should be consumed.
• Avoiding cigarettes, tobacco, and alcohol.
• Dental scaling should be done by a dentist every 6 months.